A river defines complex economic,
social, and political environments. Contemporary river
basin cultural communities have creatively responded to
historical and environmental challenges in different
ways. This can be seen in the story of the Rarámuri of
Chihuahua, indigenous communities who were forced to
migrate from the countryside. Considered the most majestically
scenic area of Northern Mexico, the Sierra Madre
Occidental is the homeland of an indigenous tribe called
the Rarámuri [Tarahumara]. Over the years Rarámuri
families have steadily been migrating to urban areas in
the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Sinaloa, and Durango.
Rarámuri commonly visit the cities in order to sell or
trade crafts, medicinal herbs, and textiles; to purchase
goods that are not available in their home communities;
and to work as wage laborers for short periods of time.
In the fall of 1995, Ciudad Juárez created a
neighborhood in the northwestern area of the city for
migrant Rarámuri. Many women from this community sell
medicinal herbs near a local market in Ciudad Juárez.
Most of the herbs are brought down from the Sierra
usually during the early fall. Taught at an early age to
recognize medicinal herbs found in their homeland,
Rarámuri know their uses in curing particular diseases.
Only a few
crafts are made in this community, but several women
often travel to the Sierra to gather craft materials
unavailable in the urban area. For example, some
Rarámuri women gather pine needles or bear grass (palmilla)
to weave baskets (waris). But the women also
find materials in Ciudad Juárez to sew traditional
Indian clothing and weave sashes (fajas). They
are expert seamstresses.
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